For an electrical heater that can be a good assumption, but not for a gas heater.Īlso, the calculator is only correct in the theoretical case that while the water is being heated, no heat escapes from the water to the environment (air or walls etc.). Please remember, that the calculators above assume 100% conversion efficiency. I think of it this way: the power limit of heating coil simply submerged in water is reached when the water starts to boil around the coil while the water in other places is still much colder. This way a circulation develops in the water container given the shape of the water container permits it. Since water gets lighter when heated it will start to ascend around the coil and cold water will flow to the coil from below. When using a simple coil submerged in water, then it will start to heat the water just around it. The insulation of where the heating device sits and whether any heat can escape into something other than the water (like a wall, concrete etc.) is more important for efficiency.Īs for effectiveness, a large enough pipe with a pump can probably in theory transfer more heat per second (meaning power, e.g. I do not think it makes much of a difference in practice.Īs for efficiency, an electrical water heater can convert electricity with almost 100% efficiency to heat that can be transferred to the water. And as always, double check with some other source and my help is without any guarantee or similar. And for testing/sampling the cool-down, measure a larger drop in temperature, such as 10f, else the result will be unreliable (reading 1f or 2f changes off a small thermometer may be very inaccurate). Also, you should have some extra power available, just to be sure. That’s just an example, I have no idea how fast a tub cools down. If you use a 611 watts heater in this example, then it will be about enough to reverse this cool-down from 105f to 103f by heating the water back up from 103f to 105f during the same period (realistically, of course, the water does not cool down, but stays at the same temperature). Using the “Water Heating Power Calculator” above (250 us gallons, start temperature 103f, end temperature 105f, 120min) tells us that a heating power of 611 watts is required. Let’s make a calculation example for a tub with 250 us gallons that cools down from 105f to 103f in 2 hours. If you can test how fast the water cools down in your tub, then you can calculate how much heating power is required to prevent that from happening. It very much depends on the surrounding temperature, the heat conductivity of your hot tub material, and the shape of the tub.īut I have an idea. Power supplied to homes and businesses uses AC supply.That is impossible to calculate with the information given. In Europe, the UK, East Japan and most of Australia, South America, Africa andĪsia, the current changes direction 50 times per second, which is 50Hz. In Northern America and Western Japan, this usually happens 60 times per second, or 60Hz / hertz. A flashlight with a battery uses a direct current.ĪC stands for alternating current, when the current periodically changes direction. North American homes typically use 120V for their electrical supply, whilst 230V is common acrossĭC stands for direct current, when the current flows in one single direction. In the hose analogy, the volts would be the water pressure. They measure the force required to make the electrical current (amps) flow. ![]() It uses increased water volume and higher water pressure the same applies to the wattage if amps and volts are increased. A water wheel would turn faster and longer, generating more energy if Multiplying amps (water volume) by volts (water pressure) gives you the wattage (the resulting power or energy). Watts represent the amount of energy produced by the amps and volts working together. In this analogy, the quantity (volume) of water would be the amps. It can be helpful to imagine electrical current as water in a hose. Conversions are a guide and are rounded to 2 decimals.Īdvertisements Understanding watts, amps and voltsĪmps are amperes, a unit which measures electrical current.
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